Keywords: Africa, Ghana, Electronic waste, health issue

Africa, a continent renowned for its rich, diverse cultural heritage and natural beauty, is facing a continuous pressing continental issue that demands attention and awareness: the dumping of waste. The World Bank estimates in 2016 that waste generation will increase from 2.01 billion tonnes to 3.40 billion tonnes in 2050. At least 33℅ of the worrying situation of waste mismanagement today globally is as a result of opening dumping or burning. This staggering amount poses a significant challenge to waste management systems worldwide.

However, it is Africa that bears the disproportionate burden of illegal waste dumping. At least 9.3 million tons of waste are moved between countries each year, with Africa being a prime target for countries and companies seeking cheap disposal options. This environmental crisis poses significant health risks to its citizens and threatens the sustainable development goals of the continent. Having said that, this article focuses on the dumping of electronic waste in Ghana and its consequences.

In recent years, Ghana has developed into a dumping ground for electronic waste, commonly referred to as e-waste. Developed countries frequently ship their outdated electronic devices to developing nations, including Ghana, under the pretence of donation or recycling and the trade of second-hand electronic equipment such as Computers, televisions, mobile phones, etc. are among the items These devices often end up gathering clouds of dust in warehouses or being dumped in open-air landfills or burned in makeshift incinerators.

The improper handling of e-waste poses serious health risks with both immediate and long-term effects. Toxic chemicals found in electronic devices, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium cause environmental contamination of the soil, water source, and air when burned. This contamination leads to harmful ecological effects, including increased instances of respiratory infections, birth deformities, and other serious health conditions for local communities, as well as reduced agricultural productivity.

Recognizing the urgent need to address this issue, the government of Ghana has implemented various initiatives to lessen the negative consequences of e-waste dumping. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established by the government to enforce waste management laws and tighten rules and regulations on the importation of gadgets in order to curtail any obsolete devices. The EPA has initiated a nationwide inventory of e-waste targeting groups such as manufacturers, consumers, service providers, repairer’s traders, and associated groups.

Additionally, there are active public awareness campaigns highlighting the dangers of improper e-waste disposal. Ghana is actively promoting sustainable practices for managing electronic waste by encouraging ethical e-waste recycling, partnership programs between the public sector, the corporate sector and international organisations. These initiatives aim to increase local capacity for safe dismantling, the recovery of valuable materials, and environmentally friendly disposal methods. The government has recognized that combating the e-waste crisis requires international cooperation, therefore, the country has been actively participating in global discussions and conferences aimed at finding collective solutions. By sharing best practices and knowledge with other countries facing similar challenges, Ghana aims to develop a comprehensive strategy to tackle this issue on a global scale. Ghana's fight against electronic waste reflects its commitment to safeguarding the environment and protecting its citizens' health. Through robust regulations, public awareness campaigns, and sustainable practices, the nation is making significant strides in managing e-waste responsibly.

While challenges persist, Ghana's determination serves as a call to action for the international community to collaborate and create a sustainable future for all.

BY: JOSELYN KAFUI NYADZI